FHB Logo Facebook LinkedIn Email Pinterest Twitter X Instagram Tiktok YouTube Plus Icon Close Icon Navigation Search Icon Navigation Search Icon Arrow Down Icon Video Guide Icon Article Guide Icon Modal Close Icon Guide Search Icon Skip to content
Subscribe
Log In
  • How-To
  • Design
  • Tools & Materials
  • Restoration
  • Videos
  • Blogs
  • Forum
  • Magazine
  • Members
  • FHB House
  • Podcast
Log In

Discussion Forum

Discussion Forum

Floor Joist

phixit10 | Posted in Construction Techniques on November 26, 2006 09:03am

Hello everyone,

I recently, demo-ed the floor in my bathroom.  This was quite a task.  The home was built in the 1920’s and the tile and mortar bed were well built.

The tile and mortar bed covered 50% of the floor.  So, the joist were cut to lower the floor for the mortar bed.  Was this a common building practice?

Also, I plan to go with tile in the remodel.  So, I will need to lower the floor ( the other 50% ) to be flush with the hallway, which is wood.  Is this a common practice in a remodel?

Any insights will be appreciated.

Thanks

Drake

 

Reply

Replies

  1. andy_engel | Nov 26, 2006 09:25pm | #1

    Yeah, lowering the floor was common in the day. I wouldn't lower the rest of it, though. I'd build it all up to the same level, top it off with CDX, and tile atop that. Assuming the floor's structure meets the Tile Council of America's L/360 deflection standard, that is. That means that under the design load, probably 50 lbs. per sq. ft., the floor can't deflect more than 1/360th of the length of the joists.

    I don't think backer board adds anything to the equation on floors, and the TCA does allow tile directly on 1/2 in. CDX for residential purposes. There will be much screaming and gnashing of teeth about this opinion, however.

    Andy

    "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

    "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

    "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

    1. IdahoDon | Nov 26, 2006 09:34pm | #2

      I don't think backer board adds anything to the equation on floors, and the TCA does allow tile directly on 1/2 in. CDX for residential purposes. There will be much screaming and gnashing of teeth about this opinion, however.

      I thought their latest recommendation was a floor thickness of not less than 1-1/8" including the combined subfloor and backer board thicknesses.  ? 

      Beer was created so carpenters wouldn't rule the world.

      1. andy_engel | Nov 26, 2006 11:20pm | #5

        It is 1 1/8 in., and my assumption was at least an existing floor of 3/4 in.Andy

        "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

        "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

        "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

        1. IdahoDon | Nov 27, 2006 04:44am | #14

          It is 1 1/8 in., and my assumption was at least an existing floor of 3/4 in.

          I'm with you now.  When I originally read your post I thought I was hearing 1/2" cdx with no other subfloor.  :-) 

          Beer was created so carpenters wouldn't rule the world.

          1. andy_engel | Nov 27, 2006 03:39pm | #15

            No, no. That's only legal in Pennsyvania, from what I've seen.Andy

            "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

            "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

            "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

          2. IdahoDon | Nov 28, 2006 04:19am | #16

            *chuckle*

          3. phixit10 | Nov 28, 2006 06:48am | #19

            What's so funny? 

          4. IdahoDon | Nov 29, 2006 07:39am | #20

            No, no. That's only legal in Pennsyvania, from what I've seen.

            Andy

            What Andy said. 

            Beer was created so carpenters wouldn't rule the world.

          5. try50772 | Nov 28, 2006 04:25am | #17

            Funny, I think thats what the HO did in my place. Damn PA building codes!

          6. andy_engel | Nov 28, 2006 04:37am | #18

            Google Jeff Remas, or Remas Inspections. The guy has a blog showing some things he's found as a home inspector in PA.Andy

            "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

            "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

            "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

      2. andy_engel | Nov 26, 2006 11:22pm | #6

        And the manual I have, btw, doesn't require backer board for residential. CDX is fine. And unless you're adding a waterproof membrane, I can't see backer board as making any difference in the durability of the floor. If it gets wet, the underlying strate gets wet too.Andy

        "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

        "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

        "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

  2. User avater
    FatRoman | Nov 26, 2006 09:40pm | #3

    Drake,

    Welcome to the forum. I'd second Andy's advice to build the existing joists up to level instead of lowering them to meet the cutout for your original mortar bed area. If you lower the rest of the joists you'll compromise their ability to carry the load for the tile you plan to install. This deflection calculator from John Bridge might be useful to you as well: http://johnbridge.com/vbulletin/deflecto.pl

    1. phixit10 | Nov 26, 2006 10:18pm | #4

      Hello Forum

      This is a small bathroom, 5 by 7.  In reexamining the floor joist, 80% have been lowered to accomodate the mortar bed.  A bathtub sat on the other 20% of the floor.  It looks like an inch was removed from the joist.

      My goal is lto level the bathroom floor with the hallway floor.  I don't want  the finished bathroom floor to sit an .5 inch above the hallway floor.

      Would heads roll, if I lower the the remaining 20% of joist and sister new joist to the old.

       

      Thanks

      Drake

      1. andy_engel | Nov 26, 2006 11:25pm | #7

        Lovely! I think that no matter how you do it, some leveling is needed. I'd sister some wood next to those old joists, and sheath the whole thing with 3/4 ply topped with a perpendicular layer of 1/2 in. Whether you lower the existing joists would depend on their overall span.Andy

        "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

        "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

        "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

      2. Geoffrey | Nov 27, 2006 12:15am | #8

        In your pic, do the joists run to a bearing point that is beyond the plumbing wall in the pic?  In order for sister joists to have any efectiveness they must bear at both ends, otherwise you are just adding to the load and not adding any strength. Solid blocking(bridging) down the mid-span would also help stiffen the floor. What's the height difference between the top of the existing cut-down joist and the finish floor in the hallway? 

                             Geoff

                                                                                                                 

                                                                           

        1. phixit10 | Nov 27, 2006 12:50am | #9

          Hello Geoff & Forum

          <!----><!----> <!---->

          Wow!  An important point.

          <!----> <!---->

          At one end, I have an accessible bearing point.  Yet at the other end I do not.  So, sister/ing joist would not be effective.  It would only add to the load.  Unless I built another bearing point.

          <!----> <!---->

          The height difference between the cut joist and the floor looks to be about 2 inches.

          <!----> <!---->

          Thanks

          <!----> <!---->

          Drake

           

          1. andy_engel | Nov 27, 2006 01:25am | #10

            It looks like access to the crawlspace there is pretty difficult. One thing you might consider while it's open is to spread out a vapor barrier on the dirt.

            While sistering joists that don't reach both supports won't add strength, it's likely an easy way to level up that framing. The sisters don't need to be the full depth of the originals - 2 x4s would probably work. And the weight they'd add to the system is really inconsequential compared to the weight of the mud floor you've removed.Andy

            "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

            "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

            "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

          2. phixit10 | Nov 27, 2006 01:43am | #12

            Hello Andy

            Thanks.  The original mortar bed and tile was substantial in weight.  The mortar bed was close to 3 inches thick and a bear to remove. 

            I'm definitely going to open up that crawl space up.  Due to a total plumbing failure, I had to do some work down there before the floor was opened.  It was brutal. 

            Thanks for the 2 by 4 suggestion, that would help level the joist, and give me a nailing surface for the subfloor. 

            I'm just wondering if I should add a second bearing point to support the floor. 

            Drake

          3. andy_engel | Nov 27, 2006 02:21am | #13

            You'll never have a better opportunity to add more bearing. I'd consider it if I were the least concerned about the floor being spongy.

            BTW, it's hard to overemphasize the importance of the plastic on the dirt crawlspace. Search on that topic here and you'll get tons of discussion. In short, dirt crawlspaces are a chief source of moisture that enables mold, rots wood (including roofs - but that's mor complicated than I want to get into right now), and peels paint. Check out http://www.buildingscience.com for more info.Andy

            "Never try to teach a pig to sing. It wastes your time and annoys the pig." Robert A. Heinlein (or maybe Mark Twain)

            "Get off your dead #### and on your dying feet." Mom

            "Everything not forbidden is compulsory." T.H. White, The Book of Merlin

          4. User avater
            FatRoman | Nov 27, 2006 01:36am | #11

            Drake,Let me preface this with the advice that I am not a professional builder, nor engineer, and that the remarks of those who post here are much more likely to be more correct than what I have to offer.All that aside, it is my understanding that when sistering joists you do not need to span to one or both bearing points. What's needed is to span (roughly) the middle 2/3rds of the joist, or any areas that have excessive notching. If you can run it to either bearing point, so much the better. In your case you are going to want to run a sister the full length of the room in order to have a level surface to support the floor, but I don't believe that you need to run it all the way to a hidden or unaccessible bearing point. However, I'd make sure that someone here confirms this as I don't want to give you erroneous advice.Hope that helps.

Log in or create an account to post a comment.

Sign up Log in

Become a member and get full access to FineHomebuilding.com

Video Shorts

Categories

  • Business
  • Code Questions
  • Construction Techniques
  • Energy, Heating & Insulation
  • General Discussion
  • Help/Work Wanted
  • Photo Gallery
  • Reader Classified
  • Tools for Home Building

Discussion Forum

Recent Posts and Replies

  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
  • |
View More Create Post

Up Next

Video Shorts

Featured Story

Scaled to Suit the Site

This thoughtfully designed home preserves the character of its neighborhood while maximizing space for a growing family through careful attention to scale, rooflines, and material choices.

Featured Video

SawStop's Portable Tablesaw is Bigger and Better Than Before

The 10-in. Jobsite Saw PRO has a wider table, a new dust-control port, and a more versatile fence, along with the same reliable safety mechanism included in all SawStop tablesaws.

Related Stories

  • Sharp-Blade Solution
  • Podcast Episode 684: Masonry Heaters, Whole-House Ventilation, and Porch Flooring
  • FHB Podcast Segment: Repairing an Old Home While Maintaining Its Integrity
  • Tools and Gear for the Moms Who Get it Done

Highlights

Fine Homebuilding All Access
Fine Homebuilding Podcast
Tool Tech
Plus, get an extra 20% off with code GIFT20

"I have learned so much thanks to the searchable articles on the FHB website. I can confidently say that I expect to be a life-long subscriber." - M.K.

Get home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters
See all newsletters

Fine Homebuilding Magazine

  • Issue 331 - June 2025
    • A More Resilient Roof
    • Tool Test: You Need a Drywall Sander
    • Ducted vs. Ductless Heat Pumps
  • Issue 330 - April/May 2025
    • Deck Details for Durability
    • FAQs on HPWHs
    • 10 Tips for a Long-Lasting Paint Job
  • Issue 329 - Feb/Mar 2025
    • Smart Foundation for a Small Addition
    • A Kominka Comes West
    • Making Small Kitchens Work
  • Issue 328 - Dec/Jan 2024
    • How a Pro Replaces Columns
    • Passive House 3.0
    • Tool Test: Compact Line Lasers
  • Issue 327 - November 2024
    • Repairing Damaged Walls and Ceilings
    • Plumbing Protection
    • Talking Shop

Fine Home Building

Newsletter Sign-up

  • Fine Homebuilding

    Home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox.

  • Green Building Advisor

    Building science and energy efficiency advice, plus special offers, in your inbox.

  • Old House Journal

    Repair, renovation, and restoration tips, plus special offers, in your inbox.

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters

Follow

  • Fine Homebuilding

    Dig into cutting-edge approaches and decades of proven solutions with total access to our experts and tradespeople.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
    • LinkedIn
  • GBA Prime

    Get instant access to the latest developments in green building, research, and reports from the field.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • YouTube
  • Old House Journal

    Learn how to restore, repair, update, and decorate your home.

    Subscribe Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
  • Fine Homebuilding

    Dig into cutting-edge approaches and decades of proven solutions with total access to our experts and tradespeople.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X
    • LinkedIn
  • GBA Prime

    Get instant access to the latest developments in green building, research, and reports from the field.

    Start Free Trial Now
    • Facebook
    • YouTube
  • Old House Journal

    Learn how to restore, repair, update, and decorate your home.

    Subscribe Now
    • Facebook
    • Instagram
    • X

Membership & Magazine

  • Online Archive
  • Start Free Trial
  • Magazine Subscription
  • Magazine Renewal
  • Gift a Subscription
  • Customer Support
  • Privacy Preferences
  • About
  • Contact
  • Advertise
  • Careers
  • Terms of Use
  • Site Map
  • Do not sell or share my information
  • Privacy Policy
  • Accessibility
  • California Privacy Rights

© 2025 Active Interest Media. All rights reserved.

Fine Homebuilding receives a commission for items purchased through links on this site, including Amazon Associates and other affiliate advertising programs.

X
X
This is a dialog window which overlays the main content of the page. The modal window is a 'site map' of the most critical areas of the site. Pressing the Escape (ESC) button will close the modal and bring you back to where you were on the page.

Main Menu

  • How-To
  • Design
  • Tools & Materials
  • Video
  • Blogs
  • Forum
  • Project Guides
  • Reader Projects
  • Magazine
  • Members
  • FHB House

Podcasts

  • FHB Podcast
  • ProTalk

Webinars

  • Upcoming and On-Demand

Podcasts

  • FHB Podcast
  • ProTalk

Webinars

  • Upcoming and On-Demand

Popular Topics

  • Kitchens
  • Business
  • Bedrooms
  • Roofs
  • Architecture and Design
  • Green Building
  • Decks
  • Framing
  • Safety
  • Remodeling
  • Bathrooms
  • Windows
  • Tilework
  • Ceilings
  • HVAC

Magazine

  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • Magazine Index
  • Subscribe
  • Online Archive
  • Author Guidelines

All Access

  • Member Home
  • Start Free Trial
  • Gift Membership

Online Learning

  • Courses
  • Project Guides
  • Reader Projects
  • Podcast

More

  • FHB Ambassadors
  • FHB House
  • Customer Support

Account

  • Log In
  • Join

Newsletter

Get home building tips, offers, and expert advice in your inbox

Signing you up...

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
See all newsletters
See all newsletters

Follow

  • X
  • YouTube
  • instagram
  • facebook
  • pinterest
  • Tiktok

Join All Access

Become a member and get instant access to thousands of videos, how-tos, tool reviews, and design features.

Start Your Free Trial

Subscribe

FHB Magazine

Start your subscription today and save up to 70%

Subscribe

We hope you’ve enjoyed your free articles. To keep reading, become a member today.

Get complete site access to expert advice, how-to videos, Code Check, and more, plus the print magazine.

Start your FREE trial

Already a member? Log in