I found plans for building a screened-in porch which is 12′ wide by 16′ long. I would like build a porch which is 12′ long by 16′ wide. The original plans call for 2×6 rafters, 2×8 beams (doubled up) and two 2×8 (doubled up) cross ties. Since my modifications will cause the cross ties and rafters to a span a greater distance will I need to modify the lumber used, eg use 2×10 instead? Can I span a 16′ distance with a roof like this?
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It all depends on species etc. Consult a span table. My guess is that since this was a set plan you found and you are going to extend the span that you will need to beef up the rafters.
How do the cross-ties factor into the load it will hold? Would I need to beef up the rafters, the cross ties or both?
I'm not sure about the cross ties. I'm not a framer but my understanding of cross ties is that they work against lateral forces, i.e. walls spreading. Why cross ties anyway, and not just ceiling joists? Is the ceiling going to be open?
Yes the ceiling will be open.
perhaps someone more knowledgable than I will respond but I don't think you would have to change the ties unless by the fact that you change the rafter size which would increase the dead load of the roof you also increase the lateral force. I don' t think however that would necessitate increasing the size of the tie.
Dadunn, depends where you are. Roof loads vary a lot depending on what part of the country you're in. Can be snow, wind, or seismic loads.
Here in southern New England, you would probably need to size up the beam and rafters, but the rafter ties would probably be ok. You really need to talk to a local contractor, architect, or engineer.
Thanks, I figured I would need to talk to an architect but I was hoping to figure out as much as I could on my own first.