Pulling stubborn nails

My second job in construction—after I got through scraping a big stack of foundation formboards—was to remove the nails from a pile of salvaged 2x4s. It didn’t take long for me to discover how easy it is to break a wooden-handled hammer while pulling nails. At the time, I didn’t own two hammers, but my boss did. Before he would let me borrow one of his hammers, he taught me a few tricks.

In its nail-pulling function, a hammer works like a lever. I learned that reducing the distance from the nail head to the fulcrum, or pivot point, reduces stress on the hammer. You can do this in a couple of ways just by changing the hammer’s position. Also, a couple of common tools, such as a cat’s paw and a pair of end-cutting nippers, make nail-pulling easier.

For pulling finish or siding nails, I like to have a flat bar handy. I can put it under the hammer or nippers and avoid denting the wood.

If you spend any time pulling nails, you’ll quickly realize that the rough-textured surface on galvanized nails makes them much harder to pull out. They’re also more likely to bend or break. For these reasons, I use galvanized nails only when I am absolutely sure I won’t have to remove them.

A hammer has more than one lever point

Pulling straight back is the hardest way. With a straight-clawed framing hammer, the fulcrum quickly moves to the front of the hammer, the point farthest from the nail. This is the least-preferred method for removing tough nails. It requires the most effort and puts the most stress on the hammer handle. Placing a block under the head of the hammer will help. It reduces the fulcrum’s distance to the nail and makes it easier to pull out the nail.

Levering to the side is easier. Using the side of the hammer’s claw as the fulcrum provides the most leverage. Unfortunately, the nail will be removed a correspondingly short distance.

Reengage the nail. By reengaging the nail and levering the hammer back and forth, you can pull out the nail in increments.

One turn will work. Instead of rocking back and forth, the hammer can be levered in one direction. If the hammer handle can pass by the edge of the wood, as shown at left, the nail can be twisted out with one motion.

Other tools make pulling nails easier

A cat’s paw grabs an embedded nail. The hook of a cat’s paw is designed to be driven under the head of a nail flush with the surface.

The force is in the curve. The tight curve on a cat’s paw provides plenty of pulling force as you push the handle.

A hammer provides more travel. One pull with a cat’s paw typically won’t free a nail. By slipping a hammer under the cat’s paw, the travel will be enough to clear the nail.

Nippers take care of the finish

Pulling nails through the back saves the surface. The smaller head of a finish nail allows it to be pulled through the back of a board with a pair of end-cutting nippers. This prevents the “show” side of the molding from being damaged.

A flat bar protects the trim. If the nail has to be removed from the front, put a flat bar under the nippers or hammer. The pressure from the nippers then is spread over a larger area, minimizing the chances of denting the wood.